The precious tea
Several colors, one plant. Whether white, green, black, fermented (pu-erh), semi-oxidized (oolong) or smoked, tea comes from the leaves of the same plant native to China, the tea tree (Camellia sinensis). China and India account for more than 50% of world production. Rich in minerals (potassium, fluorine), amino acids (including theanine, with a relaxing effect on the nervous system), tea is also rich in catechins, polyphenols from the flavonoid family. These antioxidants fight against the formation of excess free radicals which promote premature aging of cells and metabolic syndrome (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases). But the climatic conditions, the method of picking and transformation of the leaves influence its colors and its catechin levels.
White
Made from the buds and the youngest leaves, white tea is the least processed of all. Its selective picking explains its higher price. It is the most concentrated in anti-stress theanine and EGC (epigallocatechin), with an antioxidant power superior to vitamin C and E. Its antibacterial and antiviral properties stimulate our defenses, useful against winter infections (colds, tonsillitis, etc.).
Smoke
This fermented black tea with woody notes is traditionally smoked on a grill, with a fire of spruce branches, roots and leaves. It is low in theine, but it is better to avoid it because of the carbonaceous compounds released by combustion.
Black
It is the most consumed in Europe. It is obtained after fermentation of the leaves. This oxidation, which gives it its aroma and intense taste, destroys its vitamin C and some of its catechins (polyphenols). Transformed into theaflavins and thearubigens (also present in oolong and pu-erh tea), they act on the risk of cardiovascular disease. According to a study, its consumption helps protect against arteriosclerosis.
Green
Derived from steam-dried leaves - those of matcha tea are simply crushed -, unoxidized, it is the most concentrated in antioxidants EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate). A study has shown that pu-erh tea, mixed with green and oolong tea, lowers triglycerides and the level of "bad" cholesterol (LDL). It also strengthens, according to another study, bone mineral density in women. But its anti-cancer action has not yet been conclusively demonstrated.
Red
"Red tea" is not tea! Rooibos comes from a shrub of the broom family (Aspalathus linearis), cultivated in South Africa. "Devoid of theine, it offers a good alternative if you fear insomnia," explains Nathalie Négro, dietician in charge of the nutritional center of the Brides-les-Bains thermal baths.
To your tea-san!
Organic is better
Choose your more organic tea because, as the leaves are not rinsed before being infused, the pesticide residues go directly into the cup! "
Theine or caffeine?
Theine and caffeine refer to the same molecule. But caffeine passes very quickly into the blood (the "boost" effect of coffee), while theine is gradually released in the body, for a softer stimulating effect… but more lasting!
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